Notice of RetractionFactor analysis of trade growth between Kazakhstan and Xinjiang province

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Kazakhstan locates inland, which is the hinge connecting Asia market and Europe market. Since 1992, there has been a boom in exports from Kazakhstan to Europe and China. However, the Kazakhstan´s import growth from Europe is much less than that from Xinjiang province. The imbalance of Kazakhstan´s import growth from the two markets has drawn attentions of many scholars, which is also called “the Puzzle of Trade Growth”. Existing studies tried to explain the puzzle by long-distance trade and trade cost. This paper provides a different reason in the view of industry complement: empirical researches have showed that long-distance trade and trade cost did block Kazakhstan´s export from the two markets; however, the main reasons for the big growth of Xinjiang´s export to Kazakhstan contains Geographic Centralization, the industry complementary among Xinjiang and Kazakhstan, the differences among goods in bilateral trade.