An optimization approach to pattern synthesis in the design of microstrip phased array antennas

The authors present a technique for designing microstrip patch array antennas with wanted radiation patterns. The approach that is taken for the pattern synthesis is based on numerical optimization. Practical considerations are taken into account in the optimization process when finding the complex excitation coefficients for the array. A possible technique for implementing the excitation coefficients is also discussed. The implementation is centered on the coupling between the patch element and the feed line, taking the form of aperture coupling. Simulation results are presented to show that the synthesized pattern could be optimized in terms of the degree of agreement with the desired pattern. The results are based on an optimized design for the pattern of the elevation-scanning antenna which is to be used with an MLS (microwave landing system).<>