Energy-Aware Self-Adjusted Topology Control Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Topology control with per-node transmission power adjustment is an effective way to extend network lifetime. However, due to the commonly used assumption of homogeneous wireless networks with uniform maximal transmission power, most topology control algorithms suffer from performance degradations in practical applications where physical characteristics of each node may be different. Hence, it is valuable to take heterogeneous networks into consideration. In such an environment, however, most of existing algorithms mainly consider the energy consumption caused by transmitting, meanwhile ignore the residual energy of network nodes, thus in fact they can not balance energy consumption efficiently. In this paper, a localized distributed topology control algorithms ESATC (Energy-aware Self-Adjust Topology Control) is proposed for extending network lifetime of heterogeneous wireless Ad Hoc networks. Based on overall consideration of power consumption and residual energy of two end nodes, ESATC builds a dynamic network topology that changes with the variation of node energy. Without location information, each node self-adjusts its transmission power according to the network information collected locally, which makes our algorithm suit for large scale networks. Theoretic analysis and experiment results show that ESATC provides routing with an underlying topology with bi-directional reachability and minimum-cost property. Compared with other algorithms, it can extend the lifetime of networks dramatically.