An interactive-rapid and energy-efficient distributed node localization scheme for sensor networks

This paper studies physical location determination problem of wireless sensor nodes by using mobile anchor nodes. The tuning law of localization parameters is provided according to different application scenarios. A novel node localization scheme SAA-ERL (speed adaptive adjustment-energy ratio localization) is presented for wireless sensor networks. In the scheme, SAA mechanism decides the proper moving speed and direction for the mobile anchor node, ERL mechanism produces a set of virtual hyperspheres to help unknown nodes to discover their locations. Different from the traditional localization schemes where stationary anchor nodes are usually used to estimate location-unaware nodes, the proposed scheme is based on the periodic beacon packets of mobile anchor nodes in the sensing region. The simulation results indicate that the proposed SAA-ERL localization scheme enriches applicable requirements.