A scalable watermarking scheme for the scalable audio coder

In this paper, we describe a scalable (i.e., lossy-to-lossless) watermarking scheme which overcomes the problem of non-invertible distortion introduced by the watermark signal. The scheme is based on a standardized scalable audio coder (R.S. Yu, et al, 2004) -as a result, the embedded watermark inherits the scalability of the audio coder. We elaborate how the scalability can be used to realize the recovery of the lossless audio signal after watermark embedding. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed watermarking scheme in terms of robustness, data expansion and perceptual quality.