Characterization of aqueous secondary cells with ZSPICE-a SPICE-based simulator for electrochemical impedance

Reported here is the development of ZSPICE, a SPICE-based software package for modeling electrochemical impedance phenomena on a personal computer platform. ZSPICE allows the user to define an equivalent circuit with linear and nonlinear circuit elements. The impedance of that circuit is then computed at the AC frequencies employed in the measurement of the electrochemical impedance of the cell. The utility of this software is demonstrated in this initial report by comparing experimental impedance data obtained from a Hughes alkaline nickel electrode with results computed for an equivalent circuit using linear elements