Design and implementation of a wheel hub motor for an electric scooter

This paper describes the optimization, design, buildup and measurements of a wheel hub motor for an electric scooter, which was designed to replace the hub motor of a commercial E-max scooter bike. To be able to replace the old drive by the new one without any structural alteration works on the scooters frame the size of the motor and shaft are given by the 13-inch wheel. In comparison to the existing system the new concept features far higher power, torque, speed range and efficiency.