Complex approaches for the calculation of EMC problems of large systems

Large and complex systems from the EMC point of view are objects that contain different structures requiring individually composed methods for modeling as well as calculation. Automobiles, aircraft, or PCBs with devices are large and complex systems. The paper describes activities that were done to handle automotive EMC problems with computer simulations. A set of methods was compiled to allow, in a first stage, a fast calculation model generation, and, to apply in a second stage with minimum user interaction, accurate and fast multi step hybrid methods. The paper focuses less on the methods themselves, but more on the completeness of the process chain that is required to do successful simulations of automobiles or other large systems.