Temperature effects on high-intensity, ultrashort electric pulse induced cell death

Thermal effect on high-intensity, ultrashort pulses could facilitate poration over small sections of the membrane. It points to the possibility that reduction in the amplitude and pulse shortening for the pulses at increased temperature, can result in pore formation. Molecular Dynamics simulations indicate an increased probability for pore formation in the plasma membrane with lower pulse amplitude or smaller pulse durations at increasing temperatures.