Border-Flow Control by means of Phase Shifting Transformers

In this paper, a control scheme is demonstrated that regulates multiple phase shifting transformers (PSTs) to equally load the interconnectors of a border. A crucial step in the development of the control scheme is the derivation of phase shifter distribution factors (PSDFs), which indicate the influence of a PST on the active power flow on a certain line. Based on these PSDFs, the Linear Least Squares (LLS) method is used to calculate the optimal PST settings. The degree to which an even repartition can be obtained, depends on the number of PSTs in relation to the number of interconnectors. As a case- study, simulations are performed involving the Dutch and Belgian interconnectors.