Title :
DECchip 21066: the Alpha AXP chip for cost-focused systems
Author :
McKinney, D. ; Leibholz, D. ; Rosenbluth, M. ; Mullens, J. ; Kwong Chui ; Bhaiwala, M. ; Patel, S. ; Houghton, C. ; Ramey, D.
Author_Institution :
Semicond. Eng. Group, Digital Equipment Corp., Hudson, MA, USA
Abstract :
The DECchip 21066 microprocessor is the first Alpha AXP architecture microprocessor to target cost-focused system applications and the second in a family of chips to implement the Alpha AXP architecture. The 21066 is a 0.675-micron, CMOS-based superscalar, super-pipelined processor using dual instruction issue. It incorporates a high level of system integration to provide best-in-class system performance for low-cost system applications. The 21066 integrates on-chip fully pipelined integer and floating-point processors, a high-bandwidth memory controller, an industry-standard Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) I/O controller, graphics-assisting hardware, internal instruction and data caches, and an external cache controller. This paper discusses the tradeoffs and results of the design, verification, and implementation of the 21066.<>
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; DEC computers; buffer storage; computer architecture; digital arithmetic; microprocessor chips; pipeline processing; 0.675 micron; Alpha AXP architecture; CMOS-based superscalar super-pipelined processor; DECchip 21066 microprocessor; PCI I/O controller; Peripheral Component Interconnect; cost-focused system applications; design; dual instruction issue; external cache controller; floating-point processor; graphics assisting hardware; high-bandwidth memory controller; implementation; integer processor; internal data cache; internal instruction cache; on-chip fully pipelined processors; system integration; system performance; verification; Bandwidth; CMOS technology; Central Processing Unit; Clocks; Cost function; Electrical equipment industry; Microcomputers; Microprocessors; Personal communication networks; Phase locked loops;
Conference_Titel :
Compcon Spring '94, Digest of Papers.
Conference_Location :
San Francisco, CA, USA
Print_ISBN :
0-8186-5380-9
DOI :
10.1109/CMPCON.1994.282899
