Modeling start-up times in unit commitment by limiting temperature increase and heating

The integration of variable renewable energy sources leads to an increased cycling of conventional power plants, necessitating a detailed model of the start-up process. Based on the recently developed temperature formulation for startup costs in Unit Commitment, we model the off-time-dependent start-up times of thermal units by limiting temperature increase and heating. Numerical results indicate that limiting heating speed is more efficient and leads only to a moderate increase in computational time.