How to achieve robustness against scaling in a real-time digital watermarking system for broadcast monitoring

In the European Esprit project VIVA (Visual Identity Verification Auditor) a real-time digital watermarking system for broadcast monitoring has been investigated and implemented. On top of the usual requirements for watermarks, the VIVA watermarking system has to satisfy an additional number of constraints. One of the most important constraints in a broadcast environment is the robustness of the watermark against scaling. This paper describes how robustness against scaling is achieved in the VIVA project. Furthermore, a real-time implementation of the algorithms is discussed. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of the algorithms