A 32 b 90 nm Processor Implementing Panoptic DVS Achieving Energy Efficient Operation From Sub-Threshold to High Performance

This paper presents a 32 b, 90 nm data flow processor capable of executing arbitrary DSP algorithms using fine grained Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) at the component level with rapid V DD switching and V DD dithering for near-ideal quadratic dynamic energy scaling from 0.25 V-1.2 V. This is the first full processor with Panoptic (all-inclusive) DVS, single clock cycle V DD switching, V DD dithering, and the ability to switch between high performance DVS operation and a sub-threshold mode of operation. This paper also explores V DD header switching and voltage selection considerations for additional savings. Measurements show up to 80% and 43% energy savings of using PDVS over single V DD ( SVDD) and multi- V DD ( MVDD), respectively. Additionally, PDVS shows area savings of up to 65% over MVDD given the same energy consumption.