Efficient vertical handovers with QoS and failure management

Vertical handoff (VHO) is a crucial mechanism for the architecture of the Fourth Generation (4G) heterogeneous wireless networks (HWN), because the users of 4G-HWN are capable of switching to any network in a seamless manner. The 4G-HWN should assure a few of QoS related facilities such as offering high data rates, seamless mobility, strong RSS, congestion free environment and admission control. When accomplishment and requisite of a user is acknowledged the system gets succeed in handoff and seamless connectivity. This paper introduces four kinds of VHO algorithms for 4G-HWN. The proposed algorithms are not only focused for the voice call handover and their objectives are different from each other. The simulation results shows that the efficiency of the QoS parameters achieved by these algorithms.