Introducing new ICT- based frequency control strategy in microgrids

Smart grids known as future of current power systems enable usage of two way information and power flow. Implementing demand response (DR) programs and integrating electric vehicles with V2G capability in smart grids are not possible without taking advantage of information and communication technologies (ICTs). One of the areas that ICTs can be helpful is primary frequency control (PFC). Frequency control in microgrids (MGs) due to intermittent generation of renewable resources is a challenging task. These renewable resources like wind and solar energies introduce lots of uncertainties in generation. Thus, utilizing new resources of primary reserve and new frequency control strategies in MGs is essential. In this paper, a novel strategy for primary frequency control in MGs is presented. This strategy combines fast ramp rate capability and demand response for improving primary frequency control in MGs. Simulation results in different situations show that the proposed strategy covers renewable generation uncertainties properly. The impacts of using energy stored in batteries of electric vehicles (EVs) in primary frequency control also studied. It is indicated that in high penetration of renewable generation, by using energy of EV batteries, frequency can be controlled in any condition. Therefore, maximum penetration limit of renewables in microgrid increase.