Accurate modeling of ultra low-power ΣΔ modulator

This paper presents a behavioural model suitable for the simulation of low-power Sigma-Delta Modulators. Second-order effects affecting the settling behaviour of the switched-capacitor integrator was included, leading to improved accuracy. Due to the oversampling mode of the converter, transistor-level simulations are extremely time consuming. Accurate behavioural models are thus mandatory in the first design phase of the modulator, in particular when the involved analog blocks must be optimized for minimum power consumption at some converter resolution.