Efficient UDD Architecture for Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network

For the efficient routing environment of underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN), this paper proposes underwater direct-diffusion (UDD) approach method in consideration of acoustic communications and movement of nodes under ocean environments without using existing RF (radiofrequency) approach method in the ground-based environments. The data transmission method with the three types of events such as interest, gradient, and reinforce will assure the reliability and maximize energy efficiency of the interest by following methods; 1) to divide a whole network into top layer, middle layer, and bottom layer to minimize the interference by indiscreet flooding, 2) to prohibit the horizontal query between same layer, and only allow the query between different layers to minimize the energy consumption by flooding transmission 3) to delegate transmission to a non-bridge node in the same layer in case of losing a transmission route by a bridge nodepsilas failure.