A novel leakage TRL calibration technique for differential devices

A novel leakage TRL (through-reflect-line) calibration algorithm is proposed for differential devices measurements. According to the passive fixture´s generalized reciprocity and the phase relationship between its common-mode and differential-mode transmission parameters, the sign ambiguity is removed and the fixtures´ generalized transfer matrices are obtained to calibrate devices-under-test (DUT). To verify the proposed algorithm, it is applied to process the experimental data of the standards and the DUTs, both with fixtures, and the characteristics of the DUTs from calibration are compared with that from full wave simulation. The agreement of the data obtained through both approaches indicates that the proposed algorithm is valid to calibrate linear balanced devices.