2D order of self-organizing Kristal maps

This paper presents two metrics that measure the disorder of 2D self-organizing maps. These are the average direct neighbor distance and the average unit disorder. This theoretical work on the order of 2D self-organizing maps is done on Kristal maps, a variant of the original Kohonen model. It is shown that Kristal maps, when adequately trained, produce orderings that are superior to any of the known 2D orderings, such as the Canter-diagonal, Morton, Peano-Hilbert, raster-scan, row-prime, spiral, and random orderings