Multi-loop efficient sturdy MASH delta-sigma modulators

An extended version of sturdy MASH delta-sigma modulators is presented in this paper. Improved performance is achieved using in-band zero optimization. The challenges towards high order multi-loop modulators are discussed and a new multi-loop modulator is presented. This modulator benefits from a MASH architecture in the final loop to preserve stability, while the main loop benefits from relaxed circuit building blocks of the SMASH structure. Extensive simulation results are provided to prove the efficiency of this structure.