Characterization and modeling of small-signal substrate resistance effect in RF CMOS

A novel theory based on dual-feedback circuit methodology is proposed to explain the kink phenomenon of scattering parameter S/sub 22/ in deep submicrometer MOSFETs. Our results show that the output impedance of MOSFETs intrinsically shows a series RC circuit (for low substrate resistance) or a "shifted" series RC circuit (for very high substrate resistance) at low frequencies, and a parallel RC circuit at high frequencies. It is this inherent triple characteristic of the output impedance that causes the appearance of double kinks phenomenon of S/sub 22/ in a Smith chart. Our model can not only predict the behavior of S/sub 22/, but also calculate all S-parameters accurately. Experimental data of 0.25-/spl mu/m-gate MOSFETs are used to verify our theory. Excellent agreement between theoretical values and experimental data was found.