Certified electronic mail protocol resistant to a minority of malicious third parties

We present the design of a protocol for certified e-mail. Some proposed certified e-mail protocols involve a third party in order to guarantee a fair exchange. Users, therefore, have to deposit a great amount of trust in a remote third party. In addition to that, the third party can become a communication bottleneck. We propose a protocol that involves an organisation of third parties, but only in case of exception. It reduces the amount of trust deposited in the third parties, because a minority of malicious third parties cannot compromise the fairness of the exchange, since all the third parties make a decision voted on by members