A Method to Detect Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Neural Network Classification of Time-Frequency Plots of the Heart Rate Variability

This paper presents a new method of analyzing time-frequency plots of heart rate variability to detect sleep disordered breathing from nocturnal ECG. Data is collected from 12 normal subjects (7 males, 5 females; age 46 plusmn 9.38 years, AHI 3.75 plusmn 3.11) and 14 apneic subjects (8 males, 6 females; age 50.28 plusmn 9.60 years; AHI 31.21 plusmn 23.89). The proposed algorithm uses textural features extracted from normalized gray-level co-occurrence matrices (NGLCM) of images generated by short-time discrete Fourier transform (STDFT) of the HRV. Using feature selection, seventeen features extracted from 10 different NGLCMs representing four characteristically different gray-level images are used as inputs to a three-layer Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifier. After a 1000 randomized Monte-Carlo simulations, the mean training classification sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are 99.00%, 93.42%, and 96.42%, respectively. The mean testing classification sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are 94.42%, 85.40%, and 90.16%, respectively.