Title :
Increasing robustness of an audio watermark using turbo codes
Author :
Cvejic, Nedeljko ; Tujkovic, Djordje ; Seppanen, Tapio
Author_Institution :
Center for Wireless Commun., Oulu Univ., Finland
Abstract :
Standard spread spectrum audio watermarking algorithms offer BER unacceptable for reliable transmission of data. Causes of unreliable watermark detection are often attacks that distort the watermarked audio in fading-like manner, disabling the correlation-based detectors to extract data. In this paper, consideration of capacity of the audio watermark channel in the presence of fading-like distortion is performed. It is shown that turbo codes offer convenient trade-off between capacity of the watermark channel and BER due to large coding gain in fading environment. Test results proved a large advantage of the proposed algorithm over standard detection as robustness is significantly increased for a given watermark data rate.
Keywords :
audio coding; channel capacity; correlation methods; error statistics; spread spectrum communication; turbo codes; watermarking; BER; audio watermark channel capacity; bit error rate; coding gain; correlation-based detectors; data extraction; data transmission; fading environment; fading-like distortion; spread spectrum audio watermarking algorithms; turbo codes; unreliable watermark detection; watermark data rate; Bit error rate; Data communication; Data mining; Filtering; Low pass filters; Robustness; Spread spectrum communication; Testing; Turbo codes; Watermarking;
Conference_Titel :
Multimedia and Expo, 2003. ICME '03. Proceedings. 2003 International Conference on
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-7965-9
DOI :
10.1109/ICME.2003.1220893