Detection of bifurcation angles in a retinal fundus image

Security issues related to fake passports etc., used in various situations like air travel etc., protecting the identity of a person is an essential task. To prevent someone´s identity from being misused, they need to be protected by one of the most reliable sources of the user authentication process. This paper proposes an approach for achieving security using a novel technique for personal authentication to protect them from intruders. Here, the biometric feature used for authentication is the retinal vessel tree. The structure of the retinal vessels is unique for each individual, it is very difficult to tamper with and it remains same throughout the life time of a human being. Using these natural characteristics of human retina, this paper shows a way of extraction and calculation of one of the most crucial features of retina, i.e., bifurcation angle to prepare an e-passport which would be able to identify each person in this world uniquely. In this way the chances of theft of the passport will be reduced at the lowest level of the system. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated using the experimental observation. Among many retinal features, the distinct bifurcation points have been generated and the angles are calculated of the same bifurcation point. The simplicity and efficiency of the proposed method makes it readily to be applied alone or incorporated with other existing security methods.