Particle swarm optimization implementation for minimal transmission power providing a fully-connected cluster for the Internet of Things

Everyday, more sensor nodes become interconnected to make the Internet of Things real. However, since Wireless Sensor Networks comprise energy-limited devices, techniques to save energy have become a trend in research. Since energy-saving comes at a cost to the network, its consequences must be thoroughly considered in order to keep their communication effective. In this work, the use of particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to calculate different transmission powers for each node, without creating disconnected areas in a sensors cluster. The achieved results show that the proposed PSO algorithm is able to save sensors energy when compared to the common deployment of nodes with a single transmission power.