Removal of beam squint in series fed array antennas using abnormal group delay phase shifters

In this paper, the concept of beam squint in series-fed linear array antennas is discussed. A new unit cell with both zero group delay and zero phase delay is proposed. Moreover, a Negative Refractive Index (NRI) TL are additionally loaded with lossy resonators to provide the desired NGD, thereby compensating the positive group delay of the initial NRI-TL. Such TL when used as inter-element phase shifter in a series-fed linear array antenna will greatly reduce the beam squint.