Study on Spatial Variability of Groundwater in Hebei Plain

Groundwater resource is the main source of water supply in Hebei plain. But the continual reduction of groundwater has great impact on the regional sustainable utilization of water resources and the development of agriculture. This paper studied the spatial structure and variation characteristics of 5 factors of groundwater, such as chloride ion (CI), groundwater level (GL), nitrate nitrogen (NN), sulfate (S) and total hardness (TH), by the geostatistics method on the platform of GIS. The results showed that, (1) the spatial heterogeneity of nitrate nitrogen (NN) is mainly in small scale and of groundwater level (GL) are mainly in large scale. The spatial heterogeneity of other three factors is both reflected in small and large scale, (2) From the point of spatial distribution of groundwater level, the groundwater level is deepened from east to west, from the coastal plain to the piedmont plain and three great funnels of groundwater level were formed around the Shijiazhuang city, Xingtai city and Hand an city, (3) From the point of spatial distribution of groundwater quality, the high-value areas of chloride ion, sulfate and total hardness is distributed in the eastern and central, low-value distributed in the west. But the distribution of nitrate nitrogen is opposite, (4) in total, the distribution characteristics of the five groundwater indices were greatly impacted by the human activities.