A 3D parabolic equation with non-reflecting boundary conditions

The aim of the article is to develop a radiowave propagation prediction model suitable for use over irregular terrain in the VHF and UHF bands. Existing models are predominantly 2-dimensional and therefore take no account of terrain gradients transverse to the great circle path, obstacles to the side of the great circle path (such as hills) or propagation around the sides of obstacles. This can lead to significant errors as was highlighted when a 2-dimensional propagation prediction model was found to give an RMS error of 17 dB when compared to field strength measurements taken in the Malvern Hills area of Worcestershire. The work being done at The University of Birmingham aims to reduce these errors by developing a model which incorporates the 3-dimensional properties of the terrain