Assessing Demand Response Resource locational impacts on system-wide carbon emissions reductions

Demand Response Resource (DRR) curtailments are generally triggered in response to economic signals, such as the locational marginal prices (LMPs). However, consideration of only the economic signals leaves out important information about the impact of the location of DRR curtailments on the system-wide carbon emissions. In this work, we use the marginal carbon intensity (MCI), the carbon emissions analogue of the LMP, to develop a metric which may be used by the Independent System Operator ISO to identify nodes at which DRR curtailments have the greatest impact on both LMP (and thereby consumer payments) and system-wide carbon emissions. Through illustrative simulations, we compare the outcome of various DRR cases and show the usefulness of the identification metric.