A low power and complexity watermarking algorithm in DS-CDMA communication

Digital watermarking is an important technical measure for Intellectual property right protection. Due to the short lifetime of battery of portable device, reducing the energy consumption in this type of the device is sorely needed. In this paper, we proposed an energy efficient, low complexity, robust and secure watermarking algorithm in DS-CDMA communication. In this method, we spread multiple watermarks patterns with multiple orthogonal spreading codes and embedded them to DCT domain coefficients. In this way, the capacity, robustness and security can be improved simultaneously. In order to reduce power consumption, we proposed a low computational complexity frequency domain transformation for the watermarking embedding for DS-CDMA. Moreover, we propose a new architecture for the watermarking. Test indicates that our proposed method can reduce more than 70% of energy consumption.