Evolutionary Feature Synthesis for Image Databases

The high dimensionality of visual features is one of the major challenges for content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems, and a variety of dimensionality reduction approaches have been proposed to find the discriminant features. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of coevolutionary genetic programming (CGP) in synthesizing feature vectors for image databases from traditional features that are commonly used. The transformation for feature dimensionality reduction by CGP has two unique characteristics for image retrieval: 1) nonlinearlity: CGP does not assume any class distribution in the original visual feature space; 2) explicitness: unlike kernel trick, CGP yields explicit transformation for dimensionality reduction so that the images can be searched in the low-dimensional feature space. The experimental results on multiple databases show that (a) CGP approach has distinct advantage over the linear transformation approach of multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) in the sense of the discrimination ability of the low-dimensional features, and (b) the classification performance using the features synthesized by our CGP approach is comparable to or even superior to that of support vector machine (SVM) approach using the original visual features.