Brain activation during cognitive tasks: An overview of EEG and fMRI studies

Brain controls all body functions that enable us to perform daily life events dynamically. Memory is an important part of brain that controls and processes our present and past information and interconnects with future plans to assist corresponding dynamic activities of whole body. In cognitive psychology, human memory processes are functionally divided into three categories namely encoding, retention, and recalling. This paper provides an overview of memory processes and brain regions that are activated during these processes using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We discussed issues related to cognitive tasks design that may be helpful in future memory research to conduct experiment with EEG and fMRI in a better way.