Fractal antenna applications in wireless telecommunications

Applying fractals to antenna elements allows for smaller, resonant antennas which are multiband/broadband and may be optimized for gain. They do not use additional loading components and are simple and cost-effective to fabricate. They can be mounted to constraining form factors, such as the casing of hand-held transceivers. Fractal antennas prove worthwhile, high performance, resonant antennas for many practical applications. Usually fabricated as or on small circuit boards, they allow new versatility in their use with wireless devices