A mechanism for accessing and mashing-up pedagogical Web services in cloud learning environments

The current approach of packing and delivering instructional materials in asynchronous Web-based learning environments has a number of intrinsic drawbacks. To resolve them, it is rational to provide instructional data and activities in the form of services. To conduct service-composed instructional processes in cloud learning environments, a mechanism for accessing and mashing-up various pedagogical Web services is critical. This article aims to clarify the corresponding requirements and design principles, then propose a reference architecture for this mechanism accordingly.