Numerical evaluation of thrust and normal forces in HTS LSM

It is well known that high temperature superconducting (HTS) bulk can be levitated stably on a permanent magnet. A new type HTS bulk linear synchronous motor (LSM) theory is proposed by authors which is based on an idea of considering the pinning force as a synchronizing one in using current-carrying-armature-winding instead of permanent magnets. So, to design HTS LSM, before its manufacture, it is necessary to do numerical evaluation. This paper proposes a new method which can treat HTS bulk as a permanent magnet with the same magnetization on finite element method (FEM). The proposed method is used under the assumption that the penetration thickness of the magnetic field applied parallel to side surface of HTS bulk is the same as that of HTS slab. The thrust and normal forces in the HTS LSM model are calculated by the FEM capable of modeling HTS bulk with flux penetration.