Title :
Refrigeration technologies for sub-ambient temperature operation of computing systems
Author :
Ghoshal, U. ; Schmidt, R.
Author_Institution :
Austin Res. Lab, IBM Res., Austin, TX, USA
Abstract :
Thermal management issues are central to development of computing systems in the next millennium. In light of performance and reliability limitations facing scaling of CMOS devices below 100 nm channel lengths at typical operating temperatures (60-100/spl deg/C), many system designers are seriously considering low temperature operation of high performance processors. Two different refrigeration technologies being developed for server applications are described here.
Keywords :
CMOS digital integrated circuits; cryogenic electronics; microprocessor chips; network servers; refrigeration; thermal management (packaging); 100 nm; 60 to 100 C; CMOS microprocessor; computing system; refrigeration technology; server; sub-ambient temperature operation; thermal management; CMOS logic circuits; CMOS process; CMOS technology; Cooling; Lead compounds; Refrigeration; Temperature; Thermal conductivity; Thermal management; Thermoelectricity;
Conference_Titel :
Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2000. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC. 2000 IEEE International
Conference_Location :
San Francisco, CA, USA
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-5853-8
DOI :
10.1109/ISSCC.2000.839755
