Energy-efficient power optimization for two-tier femtocell networks using fictitious game

Power control techniques are becoming increasingly important for a two-tier femtocell network, where a central macrocell underlaid with femtocells, since femtocells may cause serious interference and consume large amounts of energy for large scale application. In this paper, we investigate a distributed energy-efficient power optimization scheme for the uplink transmission of a spectrum-sharing femtocell network based on fictitious game, in which each user announces a price that reflects compensation caused by other users for their interference. Then we present an asynchronous distributed power optimization algorithm, where power and price update are finished at terminal and base station (BS), respectively. Furthermore, we proposed a macrocell link protection scheme that macrocell user (MUE) protects itself by increasing its price. That is, the femtocell user (FUE) that causes more interference to macrocell base station (MBS) will pay more for its interference. According to numerical results, the proposed scheme can improve energy efficiency and mitigate interference significantly.