Stacking of Negative Refractive Index Cut-Wire Pair Configuration in a Waveguide Environment

Cut-wire pairs and continuous metal wires are used to achieve a negative refractive index within a waveguide environment. Using a waveguide environment allows the investigation of these elements at oblique incidence of the electromagnetic wave. Stacking of multiple unit cells is used within the waveguide to investigate the "bulk" behavior of the metamaterial. The characterization of multiple layer structures is a prerequisite for the design of lenses.