Title :
Development of BION™ technology for functional electrical stimulation: bidirectional telemetry
Author :
Troyk, P.R. ; Brown, I.E. ; Moore, W.H. ; Loeb, G.E.
Author_Institution :
A.E. Mann Inst. for Biomed. Eng., Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Abstract :
BIONs™ are individually addressable, single channel electrical interfaces that can be injected into one or more muscles through a 12-gauge hypodermic needle. They receive power and command signals from an externally worn RF transmission coil and generate stimulation pulses to activate motor units. In order to reanimate useful function in a paralyzed limb, it is necessary to incorporate sensors and back telemetry to provide voluntary control and sensory feedback signals. We describe and compare several sensing modalities and bi-directional telemetry schemes that have been developed and are being evaluated to support these requirements.
Keywords :
biocontrol; biomedical telemetry; coils; feedback; neuromuscular stimulation; prosthetics; 12-gauge hypodermic needle; BION™ technology development; bidirectional telemetry; externally worn RF transmission coil; functional electrical stimulation; implants; individually addressable single channel electrical interfaces; injectable interfaces; neural prostheses; paralyzed limb; sensing modalities; sensory feedback signals; stimulation pulses generation; voluntary control; Coils; Muscles; Needles; Neuromuscular stimulation; Power generation; Pulse generation; RF signals; Radio frequency; Signal generators; Telemetry;
Conference_Titel :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2001. Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-7211-5
DOI :
10.1109/IEMBS.2001.1020438
