Wideband direction-of-arrival estimation and beamforming for smart antennas system

This paper summarizes the smart antennas approaches and presents the methods for wideband direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and wideband beamforming. For wideband DOA estimation, we focus on spectral-based methods using arbitrary antenna array. For wideband beamforming, time-domain processing and frequency-domain processing methods, which produce frequency-invariant beam response over wide signal bandwidth, are introduced. The method for design of wideband beamforming using spatial interpolation, which can reduce number of array elements and prescribe beampatterns, will be also presented.