Simulation possibilities of vacuum electronic devices with CST PARTICLE STUDIO™

Due to high prototyping costs and the need of a time efficient development the importance of simulation programs has increased in almost all areas. The CST STUDIO SUITEtrade is widely used for the design and analysis of RF components using CST MICROWAVE STUDIOreg (MWS). For simulations including charged particles still MAFIA was used. With the recent developments CST PARTICLE STUDIOtrade has filled the gap between the established CST MWS and the charged particle simulations required for investigations of vacuum tubes. In this paper recent developments are presented.