International experiences on sustainable scoring system: Comparisons and applications

Based on an overview of the scoring system for optimum efficiency in building construction and site planning, this research compares several international scoring systems to understand both their processes and their products, including the extent to which they represent innovation in sustainable urban planning. The paper also discusses both advantages and challenges of adopting green building councils and scorecards in developing countries, and provides innovators and practitioners with suggestions of using scoring systems in their urban planning fields.