Dynamic simulation of power system interaction with large electric vehicle fleet activities

Detailed analysis of the impact of electric vehicles on the distribution grid needs a dynamic model of the charging and discharging process of the battery. The energy demand depends on the driving behavior, e.g., departure/arrival times, distances and routes traveled, and are normally not modeled in power system simulation. Charging algorithms which control the charging power may adversely influence the range. A realistic simulation setup of the electric vehicle´s energy demand needs to incorporate transportation simulation, where the discharging is also modeled. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional power system simulation, the dynamically coupled simulation environment presented is able to model the charging and discharging process. Examples show the applications of dynamic simulation: utilization of charging points, intelligent charging management, impact on voltage symmetry and large scale EV activity.