Generalized sagittal diagram for fault equipment identification within a transmission system

There have been many intelligent approaches proposed for fault equipment identification within a transmission system. In particular, the fuzzy relation implemented in a form of sagittal diagram can associate various alarm patterns with the fault equipment, even in the case of malfunction of protective relays or protection device failure. However, such a method requires that a specific sagittal diagram for each equipment be constructed, with respect to a power system configuration. It is also rather difficult to apply the method for a transmission system of which its service stations are breaker-and-a-half type. This paper proposes the concept of generalized sagittal diagram for fault equipment identification with no requirement of the detailed system configuration information. Rather, an outage configurator program (OCP) has been devised for detecting a set of outage elements, that are buses and nodes, within a breaker-and-a-half station. Performance of the proposed algorithm has been verified using actual digital data from the digital fault recorders (DFR) installed within a Thailand´s 230-kV transmission network. Case studies include those complex fault events with one or two circuit breaker failure.