Conformal L-notch patch antennas for human brain monitoring using the SAM head model

Temperature detection using microwave radiometry has proven value for noninvasively measuring the temperature differences in tissues inside the body. In this paper we study microstrip patch antennas that can be used as the basic antenna elements of a clinical phased array radiometric system. The particular design characteristics of these antennas are their conformality and their special L cuts on the edges. Using electromagnetic simulations we optimized the dimensions of the antennas and their special characteristics for a multiband operation in the frequency range 2-3 GHz. In the same direction the more realistic and accurate two-layered (skull and brain) SAM head model was used, in order to fine-tune the performance of the proposed antennas.