A new reliability evaluation under high penetration of wind power with V2G support

High penetration of intermittent wind power makes it more difficult to maintain the grid frequency hence requiring more energy storages. We propose a new probabilistic reliability criterion which can evaluate the impact of the wind power and the effect of the energy storages quantitatively in terms of the frequency regulation. During the formulation, load, wind power, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) power are represented in a probabilistic manner. Then, the probability for successfully carrying out the frequency regulation, called FRFR, is derived utilizing both analytic and iterative numerical method. Using the derived reliability criterion, several simulations are performed. Firstly, the required amount of spinning reserve is specifically estimated with and without a certain amount of wind power proving the effectiveness of the suggested reliability criterion. Secondly, the possible penetration level of wind power is investigated under the support of various size of V2G power. Through the simulations, the usefulness of the V2G power for the frequency regulation is validated.