Wet-chemical synthesis of the size-controlled BaTiO3 nanoparticles for embedded capacitors

In this work, a simple two-step route has been developed to synthesize ultrafine barium titanate (BaTiO₃) with size ranging from 30 nm to 100nm by reacting barium hydroxide with tetrabutyl titanate in mixing solvent. This method facilitates the process-control and the property tailoring of the particles. The effect of 1,4-butylene glycol on hydrolysis rate of tetrabutyl titanate, temperature, solvent ratio between isopropanol and water, the particle size, the crystalline phase have been investigated. The prepared BaTiO₃ nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the particle size can be easily tuned by adjusting the ratio of 1, 4-butylene glycol, isopropanol and water in solution. The dielectric behavior of the BaTiO₃/PVDF at low frequency show that the interfacial polarization acts as an important role for the high dielectric constant (ε_r).