Electromagnetic information leakage from cryptographic devices

This paper presents an overview of electromagnetic information security on cryptographic devices. The research area includes theoretical studies on information propagation via electromagnetic (EM) fields; acquisition, measurement, and analysis techniques for information leakage from information and communication devices via EM fields; modeling and simulation techniques for evaluation of EM information leakage; counter-measures against attacks based on EM information leakage; and intentional EM interference (IEMI) and electrostatic discharge (ESD) threats related to information leakage. In this paper, we briefly explain the fundamentals of EM information security: typical mechanisms of information leakage via EM fields, possible countermeasures, and ongoing standardization efforts.